Class:
Benzodiazepine sedative hypnotic
Action:
Potentiates GABA, causing amnesia, sedation, and skeletal muscle relaxation
Indications:
- Seizure (IM/IN when IV access is unavailable)
- Musculoskeletal injuries after opiates
- Sedation
- Ketamine emergence phenomenon
- Akathisia (restless syndrome) or Dystonic Reaction
Precautions:
- Hypersensitivity
- Shock
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Congestive heart failure
- Alcohol intoxication
- Concomitant narcotic use; may potentiate respiratory depressant effects
Dosing:
- Seizure/Sedation: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO/IM/IN (max dose of 5mg IV/IO/IM or max 10mg IN)
- Orthopedic Trauma: 1 mg IV/IO/IM/IN q5
- Reduce dose by 50% for elderly, debilitated or concomitant narcotics/sedatives
- Repeat additional doses in 5 minutes as needed, contact medical control if possible after three doses
- Close monitoring and preparation for mechanical ventilation required